Turbine.



M. H. CHURCHILL-MANN.

TURBINE.

APPLXGATION FILED JAN.15,1912.

Patented. Sept. i0, 1912 2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

www Qms.'

M. H. CHURCHILL-SHANN.

TUBBINE.

ArPLIGATIoN FILED JAN.15, 1912.

Patented Sept. 10, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

- @MW am' M MONTAGUE HERBERT cHURcinLL-snann, or COUNTY or sonner, ENGLAND.'

TURBINE.

lspecification of Letters Patent.

Application filed January 15, 1912. Serial No. 671,325.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, MONTAGUE HERBERT CHURcHILL-SHANN, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing in the county of Surrey, England, and whose post-oflice address 'is Abingdon, Kew Roa-d, Richmond, 1n the county of Surrey, England, engineer, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Gas-Turbines, of which the following is a specication.

This invention relates to parallel flow gas turbines which may be supplied with. high pressure lworking. fluid derived from any suitable generator of gas, or with the exhaust gases from internal combustion engines or the like.

The improved construct-ion which constitutes the present invention comprises a peripheral chamber on the inlet side of the fixed casing and extending around the whole or part of the periphery which is adapted to impart to the gas admitted under pressure to the chamber a flow in the same gen eral direction as that imparted to it by the ring of fixed nozzles leading from the chamber and delivering to the buckets ot the rotor. The pitch of the ringof fixed nozzles is arranged to be such that the buckets of the rotor are able to substantially exhaust themselves after leaving a given nozzle and before coming into register with the next succeeding nozzle. The rotor comprises a .single ring of vanes or buckets having ducts which flare toward the exhaust side and discharge into a corresponding set of ducts between a ring of fixed blades on the discharge side of the rotor, which blades are oppositely set to those of the rotor and the passages between which, like those of -the buckets of the rotor, preferably flare in the direction of the flow of the gases, the primary object of the liaring ducts both in the rotor and in the fixed ring of blades being to convert the velocity of the issuin gases into pressure and thereby reduce t e loss of kinetic energy as much as possible.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein- 'Figure 1 is an end elevation with part broken away and part shown in sc tion of one construction of the improved turbine; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same with part broken away and part shown in secd tion; Fig. 3 is an end elevation and Fig. 4 a side elevation partly in section illustrating the application of the invention to a Patenten sept. io, aerei combined internal combustion engine'of 'the radial cylinder type; and Fig. 5 is an elevation showing theapplication of the rnvenv-ff'* tion to a vertical cylinder internal combus:

tion engine.

Referring lirst to Figs. l and 2, C is 'thefy curved peripheral gas inlet chamber lead'f"" ing to the fixed ring of nozzles D, C. being the face plate of the casing secured to C :or Cast' integral therewith, being preferably in the latter case made in two halves with flanges C2 whereby the parts may be bolted' together. The ring of m'oving blades E which may be cast in one piece with the body of the rc-tor,-R, are designed lsoH'that-"Qi the passages between successive blades in- .crease in cross sectional area in the direction of' fiow of the working fluid; for exampleg" the discharge end of the ring of blades may .be made of greater diameter than the inlet; I y

end.

The housing H. for thek moving blades' may, as shown, also be formed in two halves provided with flanges H2 by which they are bolted together and may be formed with or have attached to it feet H3 wherebythe'l "li turbine may be bolted down to a support.A

The rotary blades E discharge into a ring f. l

of fixedy blades F which may be separately es formed and secured between an innerpfixed 1 f ring l?" and an outer fixed ring F2, or may be cast in one with either or both ot the two continuous rings F, F2, these rings being preferably cast in two halves bolted together. Further, the outer ring F2 as well the housing H of the rotor are preferably 'formed with flanges on their abutting edges whereby they may be bolted together. The fixed blades or 'buckets F are oppositely set to those of the rotor and discharge direct into an exhaust chamber M through which passes the shaft N of the turbine.

In Figs. 3 and 4 a, a, a, a, represent the cylinders of a four-cylinder engine l and Y), Z), 7), l), are discharge passages from the same leading to the annular nozzle chamber vWhen the cylinders a do not rotate,`E is the ring of moving blades and F the ring of fixed reaction blades vas before. Vhen the cylinders o rotate, the annular gas chamber C rotates with them, and in this case no energy of rotation is imparted to the cylinders by the form of the ports b.

In Fig. 5 the parts corresponding with the apparatus already described are indicated by similar reference characters, and no separate description is called for.

It will be understood that when the turbine is associated with an inter-nal combustion engine as described, it may be mounted on a separate shaft instead of the crank shaft of the engine Having thus described the nature of the said invention and the best means I know o t' carrying the same into practical effect, I claimzl. A parallel flow gas turbine comprising in combination a single ring of moving blades the passages between which increase in area from their inletl toward their exhaust ends, a ring of nozzles connected with a supply of working fluid and delivering to the ring of moving` blades, the pitch of these nozzles being considerably greater than thatl of the moving blades, and a ring of fixed reaction blades on the exhaust side of the moving blades.

2. A parallel flow gas turbine comprising in combination a single ring of moving blades the passages between which increase in area from their inlet toward their eX- haustends, a ring of nozzles connected with a Supply of. Working lluid and delivering to the ring of moving blades, the pitch of these nozzles being considerably greater than that ofthe moving blades, and a ring of Xed reaction blades on the exhaust side of the moving blades, the passages between said fixed blades increasing in area toward their discharge ends.

3. A parallel flow gas turbine comprising in combination a single ring of moving blades the passages between which increase in area from their inlet tm'ard their exhaust ends, a ring of nozzles connected With a supply of working fiuid and delivering to the ring of moving blades, the pitch of these nozzles being considerably greater than that of the moving blades, a ring of fixed reaction blades on the exhaust side of the moving blades, and a. peripheral gas inlet chamber on inlet side of fixed casing commnnieating` with the ring of nozzles and adapted to impart to the gas admitted under pressure to the chamber a flow in the same general direction as that impart-ed to it in the nozzles.

Ll. A. parallel flow gas turbine comprising in combination a single ring of moving blades the passages between which increase in area fromtheir inlet toward their exhaust ends, aci-ing of nozzles connected With a supply of working Huid and` delivering to the ring of movingblades, the pitch of these nozzles being considerably greater than that of the moving blades, and a peripheral `gas inlet chamber on inlet side of fixed casing communicating with the ring of nozzles and adapted to impartto the gas admitted under pressure to the chamber a How in the same xgeneral direction as that imparted to it in the nozzles.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of `two subscribing witnesses.'

MONTAGUE HERBERT CHU ltCHILL-SHANN.

lVitnesses: f

Josrir MILLAnD, W'. J. SKERTEN. 

